Introduction to Conditional Statements

## Javascript
 #### Conditional Statements
 - <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Glossary/Boolean" target="_blank">Boolean values</a>
 - <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Building_blocks/conditionals" target="_blank">Making decisions in your code - conditionals</a>
 - <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Guide/Expressions_and_Operators#comparison_operators" target="_blank">Comparison operators</a>

---

<dl>
 <dt>Boolean values</dt>
 <dd><code>true</code> or <code>false</code> (there is no maybe)</dd>
 <dt>Truthy</dt>
 <dd>A truthy value is a value that is considered <code>true</code> when converted to a Boolean value.</dd>
 <dt>Falsy</dt>
 <dd>A falsy (sometimes written falsey) value is a value that is considered <code>false</code> when converted to a Boolean value.</dd>
 </dl>

---

<dl>
 <dt>Equality (`==`)</dt>
 <dd>The equality operator checks whether its two operands are equal. Unlike the strict equality operator, it attempts to convert and compare operands that are of different types. </dd>
 
 <dt>Strict Equality (`===`)</dt>
 <dd>The strict equality operator checks whether its two operands are equal. Unlike the equality operator, the strict equality operator always considers operands of different types to be different.</dd>
 </dl>

---

<dl>
 <dt>Inequality (`!=`)</dt>
 <dd>The inequality operator checks whether its two operands are not equal. Unlike the strict inequality operator, it attempts to convert and compare operands that are of different types.</dd>
 
 <dt>Strict Inequality (`!==`)</dt>
 <dd>The strict inequality operator checks whether its two operands are not equal. Unlike the inequality operator, the strict inequality operator always considers operands of different types to be different. </dd>
 </dl>

---

### Key Takeaways
            - Use `===` when testing for equality (it's safer). Use `==` once you understand truthiness (or you just can't get the job done with `===`).
            - Any value can be converted to a Boolean value:
            
                ```js
                myBool = Boolean(myVar); // Method 1
                myBool = !!myVar; // Method 2
                ```
                
            ---

## `if` blocks
            An `if` block only runs if its expression evaluates to `true`

```js
            if (condition) {

code to run if condition is true

}
            
            run some other code
            ```

---

## `else` blocks
            An `else` block only runs if all previous `if` and `else if` blocks have evaluated to `false`.

```js
            if (condition) {

code to run if condition is true

} else {

run some other code instead

}

```

---
            ## `else` blocks
            An `else if` block only runs if its expression evaluates to `true` AND all `if` and `else if` blocks before it have evaluated to `false`.

```js
            if (condition) {

code to run if condition is true

} else if(condition) {

code to run if condition is true 
              AND the previous blocks evaluate to false

} else {

run some other code instead
            
            }
            ```